Friday, December 16, 2011

LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISEASES

Diseases
Deficient Enzyme/ Accumulated substrate
Finding
                                                 SPHINGOLIPIDOSES
Fabry’s diseases
(XR)
α-galactosidase A

Ceramide trihexoside
Peripheral neuropathy of hand/feet, angiokeratomas, cardiovascular/renal diseases
Gaucher’s disease
(AR)
β-glucocerebrosidase

Glucocerebroside
More common and  benign.
Hepatosplenomegaly, aseptic necrosis of femur, bone crises,
(crumpled tissue paper)
Niemann Pick disease
(AR)
Sphingomyelinase

Sphingomyelin
Progressive neurodegeneration, hepatosplenomegaly, cherry red spot on macula, foam cells
Tay-Sachs disease
(AR)
Hexosaminidase A

GM2 (ganglioside)
 Progressive neurodegeneration, developmental delay, cherry red spot on macula, lysosome with onion skin
Krabbe’s disease
(AR)
Galactocerebrosidase

Galactocerebroside
Peripheral neuropathy, developmental delay, optic atrophy, globoid cells
Metachromatic  leukodystrophy
(AR)
Arylsulfatase A

Cerebroside sulfate
Central and peripheral demyelination with ataxia, dementia
                                             MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSES
Hurler’s diseases
(AR)
α-L-idorunidase/

Heparan sulfate
Dermatan sulfate
Developmental delay, gargoylism, airway obstruction, corneal clouding, hepatosplenomegaly

Hunter’s diseases
(XR)
Iduronate sulfatase/

Heparan sulfate
Dermatan sulfate
Mild Hurler + aggressive behavior, no corneal clouding







[1]  (Le, Bhushan, & Grimm, 2011)
Le, T., Bhushan, V., & Grimm, L. (2011). Fisrt AID for the USMLE step 1. usa: McGraw Hill.

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